[ERC7821] EIP7702を利用したバッチトランザクションの仕組みを理解しよう！

/// @dev Interface for minimal batch executor.
interface IERC7821 {
    /// @dev Call struct for the `execute` function.
    struct Call {
        address target; // Replaced with `address(this)` if `address(0)`.
        uint256 value; // Amount of native currency (i.e. Ether) to send.
        bytes data; // Calldata to send with the call.
    }

    /// @dev Executes the calls in `executionData`.
    /// Reverts and bubbles up error if any call fails.
    ///
    /// `executionData` encoding (single batch):
    /// - If `opData` is empty, `executionData` is simply `abi.encode(calls)`.
    /// - Else, `executionData` is `abi.encode(calls, opData)`.
    ///   See: https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7579
    ///
    /// `executionData` encoding (batch of batches):
    /// - `executionData` is `abi.encode(bytes[])`, where each element in `bytes[]`
    ///   is an `executionData` for a single batch.
    ///
    /// Supported modes:
    /// - `0x01000000000000000000...`: Single batch. Does not support optional `opData`.
    /// - `0x01000000000078210001...`: Single batch. Supports optional `opData`.
    /// - `0x01000000000078210002...`: Batch of batches. The mode is optional.
    ///
    /// For the "batch of batches" mode, each batch will be recursively passed into
    /// `execute` internally with mode `0x01000000000078210001...`.
    /// Useful for passing in batches signed by different signers.
    ///
    /// Authorization checks:
    /// - If `opData` is empty, the implementation SHOULD require that
    ///   `msg.sender == address(this)`.
    /// - If `opData` is not empty, the implementation SHOULD use the signature
    ///   encoded in `opData` to determine if the caller can perform the execution.
    /// - If `msg.sender` is an authorized entry point, then `execute` MAY accept
    ///   calls from the entry point, and MAY use `opData` for specialized logic.
    ///
    /// `opData` may be used to store additional data for authentication,
    /// paymaster data, gas limits, etc.
    ///
    /// For calldata compression efficiency, if a Call.target is `address(0)`,
    /// it will be replaced with `address(this)`.
    function execute(bytes32 mode, bytes calldata executionData)
        external
        payable;

    /// @dev Provided for execution mode support detection.
    /// Only returns true for:
    /// - `0x01000000000000000000...`: Single batch. Does not support optional `opData`.
    /// - `0x01000000000078210001...`: Single batch. Supports optional `opData`.
    /// - `0x01000000000078210002...`: Batch of batches. The mode is optional.
    function supportsExecutionMode(bytes32 mode) external view returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
pragma solidity ^0.8.4;

/// @notice Minimal batch executor mixin.
abstract contract ERC7821 {
    /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
    /*                          STRUCTS                           */
    /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/

    /// @dev Call struct for the `execute` function.
    struct Call {
        address target; // Replaced with `address(this)` if `address(0)`.
        uint256 value; // Amount of native currency (i.e. Ether) to send.
        bytes data; // Calldata to send with the call.
    }

    /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
    /*                           ERRORS                           */
    /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/

    /// @dev The execution mode is not supported.
    error UnsupportedExecutionMode();

    /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
    /*                    EXECUTION OPERATIONS                    */
    /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/

    /// @dev Executes the calls in `executionData`.
    /// Reverts and bubbles up error if any call fails.
    ///
    /// `executionData` encoding (single batch):
    /// - If `opData` is empty, `executionData` is simply `abi.encode(calls)`.
    /// - Else, `executionData` is `abi.encode(calls, opData)`.
    ///   See: https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7579
    ///
    /// `executionData` encoding (batch of batches):
    /// - `executionData` is `abi.encode(bytes[])`, where each element in `bytes[]`
    ///   is an `executionData` for a single batch.
    ///
    /// Supported modes:
    /// - `0x01000000000000000000...`: Single batch. Does not support optional `opData`.
    /// - `0x01000000000078210001...`: Single batch. Supports optional `opData`.
    /// - `0x01000000000078210002...`: Batch of batches. The mode is optional.
    ///
    /// For the "batch of batches" mode, each batch will be recursively passed into
    /// `execute` internally with mode `0x01000000000078210001...`.
    /// Useful for passing in batches signed by different signers.
    ///
    /// Authorization checks:
    /// - If `opData` is empty, the implementation SHOULD require that
    ///   `msg.sender == address(this)`.
    /// - If `opData` is not empty, the implementation SHOULD use the signature
    ///   encoded in `opData` to determine if the caller can perform the execution.
    /// - If `msg.sender` is an authorized entry point, then `execute` MAY accept
    ///   calls from the entry point, and MAY use `opData` for specialized logic.
    ///
    /// `opData` may be used to store additional data for authentication,
    /// paymaster data, gas limits, etc.
    ///
    /// For calldata compression efficiency, if a Call.target is `address(0)`,
    /// it will be replaced with `address(this)`.
    function execute(bytes32 mode, bytes memory executionData)
        public
        payable
        virtual
    {
        uint256 id = _executionModeId(mode);
        if (id == 3) {
            mode ^= bytes32(uint256(3 << (22 * 8)));
            bytes[] memory batches = abi.decode(executionData, (bytes[]));
            for (uint256 i; i < batches.length; ++i) {
                execute(mode, batches[i]);
            }
            return;
        }
        if (id == uint256(0)) revert UnsupportedExecutionMode();
        bool tryWithOpData;
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let t := gt(mload(add(executionData, 0x20)), 0x3f)
            let executionDataLength := mload(executionData)
            tryWithOpData := and(eq(id, 2), and(gt(executionDataLength, 0x3f), t))
        }
        Call[] memory calls;
        bytes memory opData;
        if (tryWithOpData) {
            (calls, opData) = abi.decode(executionData, (Call[], bytes));
        } else {
            calls = abi.decode(executionData, (Call[]));
        }
        _execute(calls, opData);
    }

    /// @dev Provided for execution mode support detection.
    /// Only returns true for:
    /// - `0x01000000000000000000...`: Single batch. Does not support optional `opData`.
    /// - `0x01000000000078210001...`: Single batch. Supports optional `opData`.
    /// - `0x01000000000078210002...`: Batch of batches. The mode is optional.
    function supportsExecutionMode(bytes32 mode) public view virtual returns (bool result) {
        return _executionModeId(mode) != 0;
    }

    /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
    /*                      INTERNAL HELPERS                      */
    /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/

    /// @dev 0: invalid mode, 1: no `opData` support, 2: with `opData` support, 3: batch of batches.
    function _executionModeId(bytes32 mode) internal view virtual returns (uint256 id) {
        // Only supports atomic batched executions.
        // For the encoding scheme, see: https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7579
        // Bytes Layout:
        // - [0]      ( 1 byte )  `0x01` for batch call.
        // - [1]      ( 1 byte )  `0x00` for revert on any failure.
        // - [2..5]   ( 4 bytes)  Reserved by ERC7579 for future standardization.
        // - [6..9]   ( 4 bytes)  `0x00000000` or `0x78210001` or `0x78210002`.
        // - [10..31] (22 bytes)  Unused. Free for use.
        uint256 m = (uint256(mode) >> (22 * 8)) & 0xffff00000000ffffffff;
        if (m == 0x01000000000078210002) id = 3;
        if (m == 0x01000000000078210001) id = 2;
        if (m == 0x01000000000000000000) id = 1;
    }

    /// @dev Executes the calls and returns the results.
    /// Reverts and bubbles up error if any call fails.
    function _execute(Call[] memory calls, bytes memory opData)
        internal
        virtual
    {
        // Very basic auth to only allow this contract to be called by itself.
        // Override this function to perform more complex auth with `opData`.
        if (opData.length == uint256(0)) {
            require(msg.sender == address(this));
            // Remember to return `_execute(calls)` when you override this function.
            return _execute(calls);
        }
        revert(); // In your override, replace this with logic to operate on `opData`.
    }

    /// @dev Executes the calls.
    /// Reverts and bubbles up error if any call fails.
    function _execute(Call[] memory calls) internal virtual {
        for (uint256 i; i < calls.length; ++i) {
            Call memory c = calls[i];
            address target = c.target == address(0) ? address(this) : c.target;
            _execute(target, c.value, c.data);
        }
    }

    /// @dev Executes the call.
    /// Reverts and bubbles up error if the call fails.
    function _execute(address target, uint256 value, bytes memory data)
        internal
        virtual
    {
        (bool success, bytes memory result) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        if (success) return;
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            // Bubble up the revert if the call reverts.
            revert(add(result, 0x20), mload(result))
        }
    }
}